Caloric energy developing device



Jim. 29, 1963 R. PAUGH CALORIC ENERGY DEVELOPING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 22, 1961 INVENTOR. Robert Paayh HAS A ttorngz Jan. 29, 1963 R. PAUGH 3,075,514

CALORIC ENERGY DEVELOPING DEVICE Filed March 22, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .1. ll E INVENTOR.

Robert Pauyh H15 A it arn Patented Jan. 2%, 1953 CALGRIC ENERGY DEVELOPHNG DEVICE Robert Paugh, ltliiltl Newton Ava, (lieveiand 6, Ohio Fiied Mar. 22, 1961, Ser. No. arms 11 Ciaims. (Ci. 125-247) This invention relates in general to pumps, and more particularly to air pumps, developing cheap, safe and useful caloric energy for house, factory, and industrial heating systems.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending application, Serial No. 772,771, filed November 10, 1958.

The primary object of air pumping device constructed to draw air thereinto and efiect its heating by the squeezing and the agitation of the air molecules in successive stages.

Another object of this invention is pumping device of the type referred to above, capable of Withdrawing caloric energy from heated air and using this caloric energy for pre-heating air drawn into the air pumping device.

A further object of this invention is to provide an air pumping device of the type referred to above, which includes two reciprocatory individual cylinder pumps coupled with each other to continuously squeeze and agitate air molecules drawn into the air pumping device and further including heat transfer means for removing heat from parts of said cylinders by transferring heat to air drawn into the air pumping device.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an air pumping device of the type referred to above, which includes reciprocatory individual pumps provided with cylinders and reciprocatory unitary chambered pistons and piston rods adapted to form air squeeze passages communicating with the cylinders and permitting continuous squeezing and agitation of air molecules drawn into the cylinders.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an air pumping device wherein stationary tubular elements are freely extended into the air squeeze passages, the tubular elements being smaller in cross-section than the cross-section of the air squeeze passages and cooperating therewith in plunger-like fashion to effect further squeezing and agitating of air molecules forced through the tubular elements.

Another important object of the invention is to provide an air pumping device of the type referred to above, which includes metering rods extending axially from the piston rods into and through the stationary tubular elements above referred to, and effecting metering of volume, velocity, and pressure of the air molecules forced through the stationary tubular elements.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an air pumping device with two reciprocatory cylinder pumps individually actuated by a driving mechanism having individual ratchet pulleys controlling individual belts engaged wtih individual flywheels on crankshafts which actuate the reciprocatory cylinder pumps, said crankshafts being yieldingly coupled with each other to permit limited movement with respect to each other. 7 Another important object of the invention is to provide air pumping and handling apparatus for .adding heat to the air which is capable of generating frictional heat this invention is to provide an to provide an air by agitating the air molecules in successive steps and removing heat from the agitating mechanism to accomplish air heating and circulation in a structure to be heated.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an air pumping device of the type referred .to above with a cross passage for free communication between the lower ends of the cylinder chambers, and reciprocatory piston rods, with recessed flats on their lower ends, to create temporary openings in the piston rod guide plugs for the discharge of part of the 'air below the pistons during the upper part of each piston downstroke, and for the intake of air into the cylinders below the pistons during the upper part of each piston upstroke, the flats being provided to utilize the irregular reciprocating movements of the pistons, by which (when the piston rods are sealed) to squeeze, agitate and alternatingly pressurize and partially vacuu-mize the air in the cylinders below the pistons.

Other objects and advantages more or less ancillary to the foregoing, and the manner in which all the various objects are realized, will appear in the following description, which, considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, sets forth the preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a caloric energy developing device constructed in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-6 of FIG. 1; a

FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary side view of the lower end of the piston rod;

FIG. 5 is a sectionalview taken on line 5-5 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a view showing the yielding coupling yieldingly connecting the crankshafts with each other, the coupling being shown in neutral position, and the section being shown on line 6-6 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 showing the coupling members in yieldingly shifted position with respect to each other;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of one of the coupling members of the yielding coupling shown in FIGS. 6 and 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the other one of the coupling members of said yielding coupling;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the crankcase air vent;

FIG. 11 is a fragmentary top view showing the metering rod guide roller assembly; and

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary detail view showing the ribs between the radiating fins on the cylinder block and taken along line 12-42 of FIG. 1.

Referring now to the exemplified form of the invention shown in the drawings, and first to FIG. 1, the reference numeral 3 denotes an oval-shaped cylinder block having a pair-of cylinder chambers 5 formed therein and having a crankcase portion '7 for housing crankshafts 8 and 9 to be described later. The cylinder block 3 is provided with radiating fins, which include upper fins 91, radially extending fins it), overhanging fins 10a, and the enlarged overhanging bottom fins 10a which together cooperate with a jacket 11 to form air passages 12, 12a and 12b.

The four air inlets 12 are provided at the lower end of the cylinder block 3 which connect with passages 120, through cross chambers 12b at the top of the cylinder block 3, to air outlets 12c from which the air is conducted to the building space to be heated. The overhanging fins 10a are spaced from the short center ribs 10b, and the radially extending fins 10 are spaced at the opposite end, from jacket 11, to provide a lengthwise staggered effect to the radiating fins, as shown in FIG. 1. A plurality of ribs 10b in vertical alignment and integral with and located between fins 10 and 10a, as shown in FIG. 12, divides the space between the fins 10 and 10a into quadrants, as shown in FIG. 3, which results in four distinct inlets 12 and four distinct passages 1211, while the two V-shaped ribs, which are a continuation of the short center ribs 10b, and located between the upper fins 9'1 and the uppermost radially extending fins 10, form the two V-shaped cross chambers 121:, as shown in FIGS. 1,2, 3, and 12. 'By'this means, the air travels in distinct continuous paths through passages '12, 12a, 12b, and 12c in a serpentine-like movement, lengthwise of the radiating fins, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The cylinder chambers are reduced in cross-section at their upper ends to form valve chambers 15 for flutter-like valves 17 and the thin, flexible, reenforcing metal disk =18 which is interposed between the top wall 19 and the rubber-like flutter valve 17 in each of the valve chambers 15, as shown in FIG. 2. The valve chambers 15 have their top walls 19 perforated by a pluraltiy of bores 21, which provide intake openings for the cylinder chambers 5. A cross passage 22 provides free communication between the lower ends of the cylinder chambers 5. The cylinder chambers 5 are separated from crankcase portion 7 by piston rod guide plugs 23, as shown in FIG. 1.

An axially passaged piston 26 and an axially. chambered piston rod 27 integral therewith are slidably carried by each of the cylinder chambers 5. Pistons 26 are provided with rubber-like packing rings 26a facing in opposite directions, as shown in FIG. 2, for preventing the flow of air past piston 26. All packings face the air they seal, and the pressure of the air they seal makes them air tight.

The elongated chamber 28 is closed at one end and axially aligned with and blended into the through passa-ge 29 in piston 26, as shown in FIG. 2. Piston rods 27 reciprocate through a passage 30 and rubber-like packing rings 30a (which face in opposite directions) in the piston rod guide plugs 23 into the crankcase portion 7, as shown in FIG. 1. The ends of the piston rods 27 opposite to the pistons 26 are connected to crossheads 36, which are slidably carreid for reciprocation in a straight path on pairs of slide rods 38 rigidly mounted in the piston rod guide plugs 23 and in plate 52 which is aflixed to crankcase portion 7. One .end of each of the connecting rods 31 is pivotally joined to crank arms 32 of the crankshafts 8 and 9, and the other ends of the connecting rods 31 are pivotally joined to crossheads 36.

A bolt 42 is positioned at the axis of pivotal movement of the connecting rod 31 on the crosshead 36. The bolt 42 passes through an axially elongated hole 43 in the reduced extension 44 of the piston rod 27 which couples the piston rods 27 with the crossheads 36 and permits a lost motion of the pistons 26 relative to the crossheads 36 for a purpose to be described later. The reduced extension 44 extends into a bore 37 provided in crossheads 36, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4.

The crankshafts 8 and 9 extend through the wall of crankcase portion 7 and are packed in said wall at 46 and 47. Bearings 48 are secured to cross plate 52 and carry the crankshafts 8 and 9 for rotation. An oil pan 7a is suspended from the lower end of crankcase portion 7 and encloses the crank mechanism in cooperation with the portion 7. The cross plate 52 is provided with slots 53 and 54 for the crank arms of the crankshafts 8 and 9 with an additional slot 55 being provided for a coupling 56 which yieldingly couples the crankshafts 8 and 9 with each other.

The coupling 56 embodies two coupling members 59 and 60, coupling member 59 being illustrated in FIG. 8, and coupling member 60 being illustrated in FIG. 9. Member 59 includes two radially disposed, symmetrically arranged U-shaped portions 61 and 62 with curved webs 63 and 64 connected by cross bar 65. Member 66 includes two symmetrically arranged curved rods 66 and 67 supported by a cross bar 68. Coupling member 59 is rigidly afiixed to crankshaft 8, and coupling member 60 is rigidly affixed to crankshaft 9 at the inner ends thereof. The curved rods 66 and 67 extend through bores 69 and 70 formed in flanges 71 and 72 of U-shaped portions 61 and 62 of the plate-like coupling member 59. The members 59 and 66 are yieldingly coupled against relative rotation with each other by compression springs 75 which are sleeved on rods 66 and 67, thus abutting cross bar 68 and flanges'71 and 72, the expanding springs 75 force'the pistons into their correct position for the beginning of each piston stroke.

Flywheels '77 are'a'fiixed to the ends of the crankshafts 8 and 9 which project outside the crankcase portion 7 and are driven by a motor 81. The flywheels 77 are counterbalanced to ofiset theunbalance of the reciprocating and rotating parts and incorporate fan blades 78 radially disposed between the hub and rim of the flywheels 77. Themotor 81 has a double-ended shaft 82 carrying a ratchet pulley 85 on each .end of the shaft 32 in-alignment with flywheels 77. Pulleys 85 couple the motor 81 to the flywheels 77 by engagement with the V-belts 79 for driving the heat pump. Each of the ratchet pulleys 85 include a hub 87 directly mounted on shaft 82 and a ring-shaped sleeve 88, which has a plurality of pockets, rotatably supported on the hub 87 and coupled therewith by spring-loaded ratchet mechanism 89, as best illustrated in FIG. 5.

The jacket 11 extends above the cylinder block 3 and terminates in a dome-like shape to which the warm air conduits are attached. The upper fins 91 above and spaced from bores 21 are centrally perforated to provide the two air outlets 120. Each of the upper'fins 91 carry a guide assembly 92 for each of a pair of metering rods 93 which are secured to piston rods 27 and reciprocate therewith. Each of the guide assemblies 92 is provided with three rollers 94 symmetrically arranged and journalled for rotation with their rims in engagement with the metering rods 93. The guide assemblies 92 provide a frictionless and positive control of the metering rods 93 during their reciprocation cycle, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 11.

The lower portion of jacket 11 below the cylinder block 3 embodies flanged openings 95 positioned opposite to ywheels 77. The flanges are used for the attachment of the air return conduits (not shown). Openings 95 provide air inlets through which air is drawn into the jacket 11 by the suction of blades 78 on flywheels 77. The air thus drawn into the jacket 11 is forced through the air paths from the four inlets 12 through the four passages 12:: to the two cross chambers 12b and through the two outlets 12c, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The two piston-and-piston-rod units 26 and 27 cooperate with two elongated tubular squeeze and agitating elements 99 centrally located in the cylinder chambers 5 and aifixed to the top wall 19' from which it is suspended. The squeeze element 99 extends through the piston 26 and into chamber 28 of the piston rod 27. Squeeze elements 99 cooperate in plunger-like fashion with the chambers 28 of piston rods 27 when piston structures 26 and 27 are on their upward stroke eifecting additional agitation and squeezing of the previously squeezed air molecules which have been forced downwardly into the chamber 28 by the upward movement of the piston 26. The

a part of the air passing metering rods 93, affixed at one end to the piston rod 27 and located centrally in squeeze element 99, further regulate the passage of air molecules through the squeeze element 9? by varying the length of the passage in relation to the position of the piston 26 in its path of travel.

The upper ends of the tubular squeeze elements 99 communicate with cross chambers 12b and discharge extremely hot air for mixing with the air that has circulated through passages 12a. The squeeze elements 99 are provided with an enlarged section 1st at their upper ends to provide passages of increased flow area which cooperate with metering rods 93 which have enlarged upper portions 104 formed thereon. The squeeze elements and metering rods cooperate to generate heat by agitation at successive positions of change in cross-sectional area of the flow passage.

The flutter valves 17 and the flexible disks 18 are shiftably supported on squeeze elements 99 and actuated by air pressure, valves 17 and the disks 18 being limited in their movement by snap rings 105- mounted on the tubular squeeze elements 99.

The end of each piston rod 27 opposite to piston 26 has recessed flats 106 formed thereon. Flats 1136, in cooperation with the irregular reciprocating movements of the pistons 26, form temporary openings in guide hole 30, which permits the flow of air into and out of the cross passage 22 and the cylinder chambers 5 below the pistons 26, when the pistons 26 are in the upper end of their strokes, as shown in FIG. 1. Vent orifice 107 is located in the wall of the crankcase portion 7 and allows the flow of air into and out of the crankcase portion 7 when a differential in pressure occurs. Filter material 168 is provided to prevent the ingress of foreign material to the crankcase when the crankcase breathes, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 10.

The cylinder block, with its radiating fins, ribs, and the long crankcase wall, is cast in one piece to prevent air leakage from the various chambers and air passages, these parts being preferably made of an aluminum alloy for rapid heat conductivity. The metering rods, tubular elements, and the pistons and'piston rods are made of metals that retain heatto a greater degree than does the above aluminum alloy. The pistons and piston rods, with their reduced extensions, are also made in one piece to eliminate air leakage.

In operation, air to be heated from the air return con duits (this air retains some heat) is drawn into jacket 11 through openings 95 by the rotation of fan-bladed flywheels 77 upon energization of the motor 81. Such air flows freely through the four air inlets 12 in the cylinder lock 3 through the four passages 12a into the two cross chambers 12b and up to the cylinder air intake vents 21 where its path of travel is contracted by the Vsshaped cross chambers 12!) to flow directly over the cylinder air intake vents 21 and then through the two small air outlets 12c in the upper fins 91. The two small air outlets slightly retard this flow of air which permits the flywheel fans 7 8 to pressurize the air inside of jacket 11.

During each downward or suction stroke of pistons 26, through the cross passages 12b is forced into cylinder chambers 5. "Since pistons 26 are actuated by the crankshafts 8 and 9 having arms rotationally displaced 180 with respect to each other, air is alternately drawn into one of the cylinder chambers 5 and then into the other cylinder chamber 5.

When the piston 26 begins the pumping stroke, flutter valve 17 is closed, air tight, by the air pressure, and the air molecules above the piston are squeezed and agitated. Continued movement of piston 26 squeezes the air trapped above the piston through the passage in the piston into the chamber formed in the piston rod. The air molecules are agitated at this point 'by being squeezed into the reduced cross-sectional area of the flow path bet-ween the chamber wall 28 and the outer wall of the'squeeze element 99. As the piston 26 moves upwardly, the

squeeze element 99 enters the chamber 28 in the manner of a plunger and displaces the air contained therein through the passage formed in the hollow squeeze element 9.

The metering rod 93, positioned centrally in the squeeze element, forms a further restriction in cooperation therewith which results in additional agitation and squeezing of the air molecules. The enlarged upper portion 164 of the metering rod 93 provides an additional station of agitation and squeezing which is varied when the portion 194 enters the enlarged section 101 of the squeeze element 99 as the piston 26 approaches the end of its pumping stroke, and the air, at this point, flows freely from the upper end of the squeeze element 99. The extremely hot air that is discharged from the upper end of the tubular element 99, throughout the piston upstroke, en ters the cross chamber 12b where it is mixed with the preheated air flowing therethrough. The hot air which is discharged from the tubular element cannot expand in the cross chamber 12b for the pressure of the air in the cross chamber 12!) is greater than the pressure of the air that is discharged thereinto. The air from each exit is alternatingly warm and very hot and it is discharged continuously and simultaneously from the two exits 12c into the upper dome-like portion of jacket 11 where it combines to the correct temperature.

In operation, the air molecules gain heat at each successive smaller agitating point, during each pumping stroke, and then transfer part of t eir heat to the pistons and piston rods, tubular elements and the metering rods. During the passage of the air through the successively smaller air flow paths by which the pistons and piston rods, tubular elements and the metering rods gain heat during each pumping stroke, these parts, in turn transfer part of their heat to the air molecules that surround them and these in turn heat their containing walls from which the heat is conducted to the outer surfaces of the heat pump. By reciprocating into the crankcase, the piston rods heat the air in the crankcase and this hot air heats the crankcase wall. The outer walls of the heat pump p ovide the necessary amount of heating surface area. The flywheel fans continually supply air for circulation and the heat from the outer Walls is transferred to this air which flows upward and through the continuou air passages between the radiating fins and into the warm air conduits. When the heat pump reaches its maximum temperature only the minimum amount of air molecules can enter the cylinder chambers above the pistons (heat expands air) and the temperature of the heat pump is maintained at this level while the air intake into the cylinder chambers above the pistons during the piston suction stroke fluctuates slightly.

When the piston starts on its downstroke, part of the air below the pistons is forced out of the cylinders through the space made when flats 1% are in guide opening 30 further heating the air in the crankcase. When flats 106 are out of guide opening 3d, the piston rods are sealed, and the air molecules below the pistons and in passage 22 are agitated and pressurized which exert pressure on the upstroke piston. When the upstroke piston gets past the center of the cylinder, a partial vacuum is formed below the pistons. This causes pressure to be exerted on the downstroke piston. When the upstroke piston nears the top of its stroke, air enters the cylinders below the pistons through space made by flats res which breaks the partial vacuum. T he force exerted against the pistons is most effective when the heat pump has attained its maximum temperature. These actions are made possible by providing flats 166 on the bottom end of each piston rod, which on reciprocation, make the pistons and piston rods into floating valves, which in cooperation with the irregular reciprocation of the pistons, automatically and accurately control the volume of air in the cross passage 22. and the cylinder chambers below the pistons.

The hub 87, of the ratchet pulleys 85, holds the ratchet mechanism 89, the spring of which forces the ratchet into one of the pockets of the ring-shaped sleeve 88 which drives the flywheel fan belts. When the flywheels get their brief added acceleration, the fan belts pull the sleeve 88 freely over the ratchet to prevent binding of the fan belts in the groove of the sleeves 88.

The irregular reciprocation of the pistons, alternatingly compresses and expands each set of springs 75, which are in. an oblique position in respect to each other, in the yielding coupling 56, and flexibly connect the crankshafts 8 and 9.

When the piston 26 nears the upper end of its stroke, the enlarged portion lit-i of the metering rod 93 is completely enclosed in the enlarged section 101 of'the tubular element 99, which permits the free escape of the air from the cylinder chamber above the piston, and simultaneously the flats 106 of the floating valve are in the guide hole 30 which permits the free flow of air through the space made by the flats 106 to and from the cylinder chambers below the pistons. At this point there is no resistance to the movement of the pistons, which in cooperation with the ratchet pulleys 85, and the yielding coupling 56 between the crankshafts 8 and 9, and the lost motion connection or the piston rods 27 to the crossheads 35, allows for the self synchronization of the pistons.

The heat pump requires no outdoor air, for the air that is heated by the heat pump is continuously circulated through the home and back through the heat pump, and as it does not destroy or contaminate the air, no chimney is required.

A standard size heat pump can be made to heat more air at no extra power cost, by expanding the air passages 12, 12a, 12b and 120 and enlarging the ratchet pulley sleeves 88, which increases the revolutions per minute of the flywheels and the strokes per minute of the pistons, which increases the volume of air heated per minute.

Larger size heat pumps can be operated for the same low power cost that is required to operate standard size heat pumps. The agitating squeeze Space (in a straight line) from the wall of the piston rods to the wall of the tubular elements and from the Wall of the tubular elements to the wall of 93 and 104 of the metering rods is the same for all models, while the squeeze space air flow area is increased in the correct ratio as the area of the cylinder chambers and the air volume is increased. The Weight of the moving parts is the limiting factor.

Having thus described this invention in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, and having set forth the best mode contemplated of carrying out this invention, I state that the subject which I regard as being my invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in what is claimed, it being understood that equivalents or modifications of, or substitutions for, parts of the above specifically described embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in what is claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a caloric energy developing device, a pistontype air pump having a cylinder and a piston structure with an axially passaged piston and an axially chambered piston rod, said piston rod having its chamber openly communicating through said passaged piston with the cylinder and closed at the opposite end thereof, a stationary tubular member secured to said cylinder in axial alignment therewith, said stationary tubular member being extended through said axially passaged piston into the chamber of the piston rod and forming therewith .a plunger-type air pump, and a metering rod secured to the piston rod in axial alignment therewith and extended through the piston rod chamber into and through the stationary tubular member, said metering rod restricting the fiow of air from the piston-type air pump and the plunger-type air pump .to and through the stationary tubular member,

2. A caloric energy developing device as described in claim 1, wherein the cylinder of the piston-type air pump includes at one end inlet passage means, and flutter valve means for said inlet passage means arranged within said cylinder at said one end adapted to control the passage of air through said inlet passage means into the cylinder by the pressure within such cylinder.

3. A caloric energy developing device as described in claim 1, wherein the metering rod includes portions having different cross sections to effect in dilferent positions of the metering rod control of pressure and velocity of air forced through the stationary tubular member.

4. A caloric energy'developing device as described in claim 1, wherein the stationary tubular member includes a through passage of varying cross section, and wherein the metering rod includes portions having different cross sections to effect in different positions of the metering rod control of pressure and velocity of airforced through the stationary tubular' mernber.

5. A caloric energy developing structure embodying a pair of coupled caloricenergydeveloping devices driven in timed relation with respect to. each other, each of said devices including a piston-type air pump having a cylinder, a piston movable" therein, apiston rod means for driving said piston, a plunger-type air pump aligned and mechanically coupled with the piston-type air pump and in open communication therewith, each plungertype air pump including a stationary tubular member attached to said cylinder in coaxial relationship therewith forming the plunger, a metering rod coaxially aligned and directly coupled with the piston rod of said piston-type air pump and adapted to be reciprocated therewith, the piston-type air pumps including flutter valves arranged within the cylinders of the air pumps, and open passage means between the cylinders of the air pumps.

6. A caloric energy developing structure as described in claim 5, wherein said driving means includes individual crankshafts arranged in axial alignment with respect to each other, and spring-actuated coupling means yieldingly connecting the crankshafts with each other and permitting limited acceleration and deceleration of the caloric energy developing devices with respect to each other.

7. A caloric energy developing structure as described in claim 5, wherein roller guide means carried by said devices engage the free end of said metering rod for maintaining the axial alignment with said piston rod.

8. A caloric energy developing structure as defined in claim 5, wherein said cylinders have fins formed there on adapted to transfer heat from the air pump apparatus to air flowing in contact with said fins.

9. A caloric energy developing structure as defined in claim 5 wherein said piston rods have flats formed thereon at their lower ends which provide floatingvalves controlling the volume ofv air in the cylinders below the pistons.

10. A. caloric energy developing structure as described in claim 5 wherein flats are formed on the lower ends of the piston rods for providing floating valves in the cylinder, crankshaft means for. driving the piston rods, a lost-motion connection between the piston rods and the crankshaft means, spring actuated coupling means yieldingly connecting the crankshaft means, pulleys on said crankshaft means adapted for adriving connection with a power means, and a ratchet interconnecting each pulley to the crankshaft means for synchronizing the operation of the pistons.

11. In a caloric energy developing device, a pistontype air pump having a cylinder and a piston structure with an axially-passaged piston and an axially-chambered piston rod, said piston rod having its chamber openly communicating through said passaged piston with the cylinder and closed at the opposite end thereof, a stationary tubular member secured to said cylinder in axial alignment therewith, said stationary tubular memberbe- 10 ing extended through said axially-passaged piston into the stituting a third agitation point for successively agitating chamber of the piston rod and forming therewith a and squeezing the air into progressively reduced flow plunger-type air pump, a metering rod secured to the areas. piston rod in axial alignment therewith and extended through the piston rod chamber into and through the 5 References Cited in the file of this l3atent stationary tubular member, said metering rod restricting UNITED STATES A S the flow of air from the piston-type air pump and the hhhhhh-h/Ph ah pump to hhh though he hhhhhhhv hhhh: 1,33%??? ifiiii ffffijjjjjjjjjjjE51it: i333 lar member, the open end of said passaged piston constituting a first agitation point, the open end of said tubular 10 FOREIGN PATENTS member constituting a second agitation point, and one end of an enlarged portion of said metering rod con- 1,098,125 France 1955 

1. IN A CALORIC ENERGY DEVELOPING DEVICE, A PISTONTYPE AIR PUMP HAVING A CYLINDER AND A PISTON STRUCTURE WITH AN AXIALLY PASSAGED PISTON AND AN AXIALLY CHAMBERED PISTON ROD, SAID PISTON ROD HAVING ITS CHAMBER OPENLY COMMUNICATING THROUGH SAID PASSAGED PISTON WITH THE CYLINDER AND CLOSED AT THE OPPOSITE END THEREOF, A STATIONARY TUBULAR MEMBER SECURED TO SAID CYLINDER IN AXIAL ALIGNMENT THEREWITH, SAID STATIONARY TUBULAR MEMBER BEING EXTENDED THROUGH SAID AXIALLY PASSAGED PISTON INTO THE CHAMBER OF THE PISTON ROD AND FORMING THEREWITH A PLUNGER-TYPE AIR PUMP, AND A METERING ROD SECURED TO THE PISTON ROD IN AXIAL ALIGNMENT THEREWITH AND EXTENDED THROUGH THE PISTON ROD CHAMBER INTO AND THROUGH THE STATIONARY TUBULAR MEMBER, SAID METERING ROD RESTRICTING THE FLOW OF AIR FROM THE PISTON-TYPE AIR PUMP AND THE PLUNGER-TYPE AIR PUMP TO AND THROUGH THE STATIONARY TUBULAR MEMBER. 